Heiress and socialite Amanda America Dickson Toomer was, in her time, the wealthiest African American woman in Georgia, and one of the wealthiest women in the United States. July 30, 2000 12 AM PT TIMES STAFF WRITER Set in the late 1800s, the Showtime historical drama, "A House Divided," tells the story of Amanda America Dickson, a woman of mixed race who fights. Toomer was born in 1839 in Chatham County, . She bore two children from this marriage, Julian Henry and Charles Green. Verify and try again. In 1892 Dickson married Nathan Toomer of Perry. This fascinating story of Amanda America Dickson, born the privileged daughter of a white planter and an unconsenting slave in antebellum Georgia, shows how strong-willed individuals defied racial strictures for the sake of family. Charles Dickson escaped without any legal ramifications for his actions. He never woke up. Dickson's lawyer asks, for example, to instigate one memory trip. In 1890, Smith returned to the United States, and after two years of preaching and related work in the East, she settled in . Although the will specifically warned Dickson family members not to contest his wishes, 79 relatives filed a lawsuit to prevent Amanda Dickson from inheriting the property. [1]:101102 On October 11, 1886, chief justice James Jackson, and associate justices Samuel Hall and Mark Blanford heard the case following the appeal. or don't show this againI am good at figuring things out. The Supreme Court ruled in 1887 that Amanda was legally entitled to the inheritance under the Fourteenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution, which states that property rights are equal for blacks and whites, including the offspring of black and white citizens. Amanda married first to her father's nephew, Charles Eubanks, in 1866-67 and they lived on a plantation in Rome, Georgia. D > Dickson | T > Toomer > Amanda America (Dickson) Toomer, Categories: Cedar Grove Cemetery, Houston County, Georgia | Hancock County, Georgia, Slaves | US Black Heritage Project Managed Profiles | African-American Notables | Notables, WIKITREE HOME | ABOUT | G2G FORUM | HELP | SEARCH. CONTENT MAY BE COPYRIGHTED BY WIKITREE COMMUNITY MEMBERS. [2] After Amanda was weaned, she was taken from her enslaved mother and maternal grandmother, Rose, to be raised in the household of her white paternal grandmother and mistress, Elizabeth Sholars Dickson. Amanda is 19 degrees from Jennifer Aniston, 22 degrees from Drew Barrymore, 21 degrees from Candice Bergen, 24 degrees from Alexandre Dumas, 15 degrees from Carrie Fisher, 32 degrees from Whitney Houston, 20 degrees from Hayley Mills, 15 degrees from Liza Minnelli, 19 degrees from Lisa Presley, 21 degrees from Kiefer Sutherland, 19 degrees from Bill Veeck and 25 degrees from Brian Nash on our single family tree. Buy Woman of Color, Daughter of Privilege: Amanda America Dickson, 1849-1893: Amanda America Dickson, 1849-93: Read Books Reviews - Amazon.com . Try again. Year should not be greater than current year. Amanda America Dickson Toomer was buried in her wedding dress, in a metallic coffin, which was lined in rose colored plush fabric. Kent Anderson Leslie, Amanda America Dickson: A Wealthy Lady of Color in Nineteenth-Century Georgia, in Georgia Women: Their Lives and Times, vol. Upon John Toomers death in 1859, his brother Colonel Henry Toomer purchased Nathans mother, Kit, and seven of her children from the estate. Born in 1839 in Chatham County, North Carolina, Toomer had been the slave of Richard Pilkinson of Chatham County, North Carolina but was later sold to John Toomer of Houston County, Georgia. From a variety of sources, a great deal of information can be gathered on Mullato Amanda America Dickson, who exempted the traditional role of gender and racial inferiority in Antebellum and post-Civil War southern society. Because of racial discrimination, they were denied their first-class accommodations and direct, unimpeded travel to Augusta. Shortly after that birth, Amanda returned to her fathers home in Hancock County, saying she wanted to be near her papie. Charles sought to get her back, but she refused. According to the Dickson family oral history, David Dickson doted on Amanda, and Julia quite openly became his concubine and housekeeper. Save to an Ancestry Tree, a virtual cemetery, your clipboard for pasting or Print. My fathers grandmother was a slave of David Dickson, which was Amanda's father. In fact there is a Kit, with a son Nathan. In her childhood, she was taken into the Dickson family and tutored by her paternal grandmother Elizabeth Sholars Dickson. Shutters are being built for the house's front. Amanda died just one year later after becoming ill during a trip to Baltimore with her husband. Kent Anderson Leslie. In the 1870s he built a handsome house for Amanda and her mother Julia and gave her some property. Her education also included knowledge of finance and business important skills in her adult life. 1900), who married Kate Holsey, the daughter of Harriet and Bishop Lucius Holsey of Augusta. Read all Director John Kent Harrison Writers Amanda married first to her father's nephew, Charles Eubanks, in 1866-67 and they lived on a plantation in Rome, Georgia. As we peek into the pages of the acclaimed events of history behind Kent Anderson Leslie's book, Women of Color, Daughter of Privilege, centering on the life of Amanda America Dickson. Drama In the aftermath of the terrible Civil War which has devastated the South, Amanda America Dixon returns home to find she has become the sole heir to a vast cotton plantation. Try again later. Jay Jefferies stops by to deliver the weather and much more! I am also proud of my heritage and what she has done for the people of America. [1]:80 In November 1885, the trial in the Superior Court of Hancock County began, with the eventual ruling siding with Amanda America Dickson and her two sons. Dr. Kendall gave her anodyne, a pain-relieving medication. Amanda America Dickson. View Source Suggest Edits Memorial Photos Flowers Maintained by: BeNotForgot Elegant Experiences. She was born on November 20 or 21, 1849, on the Hancock County plantation of her father, the famous white agricultural reformer, David Dickson (1809-85). Legally a slave owned by her white grandmother, the biracial child was reared in her father's household. There was an error deleting this problem. If so, login to add it. Kent Anderson Leslie uses the events of Dickson's life to explore the forces driving southern race and gender . Sorry! Dickson left Eubanks in 1870 and with her sons returned to her fathers plantation. Toomer was born in 1839 in Chatham County, North Carolina, the slave of Richard Pilkinson. David Dickson's wife, Clara Harris Dickson, died the next day. To view a photo in more detail or edit captions for photos you added, click the photo to open the photo viewer. [1]:69, Years after having completed her teaching degree, Amanda America The doctors diagnosed her with neurasthenia, a disease characterized by profound physical and nervous exhaustion. In the winter of 1885 David Dickson died, leaving the bulk of his estate to Amanda Dickson and subsequently to her children after her death. Kent Anderson Leslie uses the events of Dickson's life to explore the forces driving southern race and gender . The issue was settled when Charles died in 1871. She was kind-hearted, generous, and charitable, and her benevolent work was indeed extensive. Her legacy is preserved in the historic marker on Telfair Street that tells this complicated story of race and family in 19th-century Georgia. [1]:41 Beginning in 1801, Georgia had prohibited slaveholders from independently freeing their slaves, requiring an act of legislature (seldom given), for each request. Amanda America Dickson Toomer fought the judicial system in the South and won at a time when the rights of women and in particular, women of color, were few. Five of Dickson's descendants, from across the nation, are expected to attend the marker ceremony, Hock said. Learn about how to make the most of a memorial. On Feb. 18, 1885, Mr. Dickson took his morning ride over the farm, came home, said he was cold and lay down for a nap. So, the same laws governed the rights and privileges of women of both races. Dickson, 1849-1893 (Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1996); [1]:117 Her health was fragile throughout her second marriage, as she had several health problems which required the continual attention of her family physician, Thomas D. As a consequence, Amanda America Dickson's life unfolded within the boundaries of her father's social and economic power, her mother's conflicting loyalties, and her own evolving sense of self" (Page 32). Which memorial do you think is a duplicate of Amanda Toomer (10337890)? Are you sure that you want to delete this photo? [1]:42 Amanda also learned rules of social etiquette appropriate for the social standing of her father's side of the family. Sho was Mrs, Boston, Suffolk County, Massachusetts, United States. Use Escape keyboard button or the Close button to close the carousel. Ann Short Chirhart and Betty Wood (Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2009). You have chosen this person to be their own family member. Amanda America was born to 40-year-old slave master David Dickson and 13-year-old slave, Julia Lewis in 1849.Legally, Amanda was still a slave until her grandmother's death in 1864.By the 1860s David Dickson was the richest planter in Hancock County, with 150 slaves, 350 cattle, 600 hogs, 200 sheep and 57 mules and horses.Amanda was still a teen-ager when she married her father's nephew, Charles Eubanks. based on information from your browser. This fascinating story of Amanda America Dickson, born the privileged daughter of a white planter and an unconsenting slave in antebellum Georgia, shows how strong-willed individuals defied racial strictures for the sake of family. 95822. [1]:118 Amanda died on June 11, 1893, eleven months after they were married. Amanda Smith emerged as one of the A.M.E. Church's most effective missionaries and one of the most remarkable preachers ever known. The email does not appear to be a valid email address. One of the first laws the Georgia State legislature passed after the war reinstated the prohibition against interracial marriage.In 1873, Mr. Dickson deeded 1,560 acres of land worth $10,000 to Amanda.On Feb. 18, 1885, Mr. Dickson took his morning ride over the farm, came home, said he was cold and lay down for a nap. A House Divided . Your donation is fully tax-deductible. Amanda Dickson Toomer Wife of Nathan ToomerA True Christian. Dickson became a member of the elite black community in Augusta, Georgia. . His will left his estate to her "sound judgment and unlimited discretion" and prohibited interference from anyone, including any husband that she may have. Edit a memorial you manage or suggest changes to the memorial manager. ." who was raised and educated in David's household. She was held in high esteem by those who came to know her because of her wealth, elegance, and intelligence. Born Amanda America on the Dickson Plantation, near Sparta, Georgia, Mrs. A. May her Soul Be At Rest. 12557 . Amanda America Dickson. On his death he scandalized Hancock county society by bequeathing the vast bulk of his estate (a share with a value estimated at more than $300,000) to his only child, Amanda America Dickson (1849-1893). Please reset your password. Her mother was a household slave, assigned as David's housekeeper, and she was raped by him, producing Amanda. A few days later he became ill with pneumonia and died. On December 26, 1894, they became parents to Jean Toomer. [1]:81100 Then, in March 1886, the white relatives filed their appeal with the Supreme Court of Georgia. MORE: Augusta Historical Marker Part of Georgia Civil Rights Trail She was born on November 20, 1849, on the plantation of her father, the famous white agricultural reformer David Dickson in Hancock County, Georgia. Nathan Toomer later married Nina Pinchback. But the dreadful secret which has blighted her life threatens to deprive her of the birthright which her . 448 Telfair St. Augusta, Georgia. Family members linked to this person will appear here. [1]:44, In 1864, Amanda's grandmother Elizabeth Sholars Dickson died. Woman of Color, Daughter of Privilege: Amanda America Dickson, 1849-1893 (Brown Thrasher Books) Paperback - October 1, 1996 by Kent Anderson Leslie (Author) 86 ratings See all formats and editions Kindle $9.30 Read with Our Free App Hardcover $30.00 17 Used from $4.91 4 Collectible from $24.99 Paperback Amanda and Nathan were married about a year when Amanda America Dickson Toomer died on June 11, 1893, in Augusta from neurasthenia, or nervous exhaustion, considered to be caused by an unbearably hot train ride home from a months stay in Baltimore, Maryland for her health. . Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, "Restoration project, historic plaque to shine light on Augusta's first Black millionaire", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Amanda_America_Dickson&oldid=1129851652, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 27 December 2022, at 11:38. She was kind-hearted, generous, and charitable, and her benevolent work was indeed extensive.. Their plan was foiled. Therefore, they either never officially married, or they married out of state before returning to Georgia (but there is no surviving proof of a legal marriage. [2] In what became known as the David Dickson Will Case, seventy-nine white relatives of David Dickson disputed the will in court, mainly arguing that David Dickson was not of a sound mind when he wrote the will, that he was "unduly influenced" by Amanda America and Julia Dickson, and that Amanda America was not his child. She learned to read and write, and assumed the social graces of white Southern affluence. In today's episode, we are looking into the life of Amanda America Dickson a slave who inherited her fathers fortune becoming one of the wealthiest African Americans in the country! Amanda America Dickson was born to 40-year-old slave master David Dickson and 13-year-old slave, Julia Lewis in 1849. Kent Anderson Leslie's 1995 biography Woman of Color, Daughter of Privilege: Amanda America Dickson, 1849-1893, was written about her life, and from this book came the 2000 film, "A House Divided," starring Sam Waterston and Jennifer Beals as David and Amanda Dickson. Mother of Julian Henry Dickson and Charles "Charley" or Leslie Green Dickson, https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/10337890/amanda-america-toomer. She was intermittently unconscious from nervous shock. As a result, her health quickly deteriorated. Suzanne bore a daughter Eulalie in Chicago in October of 1796. Use Next and Previous buttons to navigate, or jump to a slide with the slide dots. Amanda's father was 40 year old David Dickson, son of Elizabeth and a wealthy white merchant, planter and slave owner. It reached the height of its power by the time it reached Charlotte. Her enslaved mother, Julia Frances Lewis Dickson, was just 13 when she was born. Because of anti-miscegenation laws, they couldn't legally marry in Georgia. Her independence allowed Amanda to further her education when she attended Atlanta University from 1876-78. Antebellum Hancock County was in the black belt, a rich streak of fertile soil that grew the white bolls that made the South prosper. Amanda America Dickson. Oops, we were unable to send the email. By 1860, David Dickson, who earned a widespread reputation as an agricultural reformer, was the wealthiest planter in the county. A historical marker was dedicated to honor her legacy May 21 at the site of her former residence, now a law firm. Becoming a Find a Grave member is fast, easy and FREE. Wednesday - by appointment. A system error has occurred. Resend Activation Email, Please check the I'm not a robot checkbox, If you want to be a Photo Volunteer you must enter a ZIP Code or select your location on the map. As a child Toomer was purchased by John Toomer, who moved to Houston County, Georgia, in the 1850s. Are you sure that you want to remove this flower? [1]:101102, The death of her father, David Dickson, on February 18, 1885, was a pivotal turning point in Amanda America's life. His white relatives contested the will. David Dickson had only one child, Amanda America Dickson, who died in 1893.She had two sons, Julian Henry, 1866-1937 and Charles Green, 1870-???. Before the supreme court decision, Dickson purchased a large house at 452 Telfair Street, in the wealthiest section of the then-integrated city of Augusta. The funeral was held at Trinity Colored Methodist Church. The white members of the Dickson family appealed to the Superior Court of Hancock County and to the Georgia Supreme Court. shows how strong-willed individuals defied racial strictures for the sake of family. The film stars Sam Waterston (Dickson), Jennifer Beals (Amanda) and Lisa Gay Hamilton (Julia). The Supreme Court ruled in 1887 that Amanda was legally entitled to the inheritance under the Fourteenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution, which states that property rights are equal for blacks and whites, including the offspring of black and white citizens. Although conceived through the rape of her adolescent mother, Amanda was raised and educated in the Dickson household. On July 14, 1892, Amanda married Nathan Toomer of Perry, Georgia. I am so glad that a his torical marker has been placed at her home in Augusta.. IMPORTANT PRIVACY NOTICE & DISCLAIMER: YOU HAVE A RESPONSIBILITY TO USE CAUTION WHEN DISTRIBUTING PRIVATE INFORMATION. The disgruntled relatives then appealed to the Georgia Supreme Court, which upheld the lower court decision in 1887. Born on November 20, 1849, Amanda America Dickson was David's daughter, the product of his rape of thirteen-year-old Julia Francis Lewis, the enslaved property of his mother. Hi my name is Ashlee Dickson and I am a descendent of Amanda America Dickson. Legally, Amanda was still a slave until her grandmother's death in 1864. Amanda was raised by Elizabeth Sholars Dickson, her white grandmother and legal mistress. The white members of the Dickson family appealed to the Superior Court of Hancock County and to the Georgia Supreme Court. Her father left his wealth to her.. Her 40- year- old father was known as "The Prince of Southern Farmers". Antebellum Hancock County, Georgia, was a place where black slaves outnumbered . She learned to play piano; to dress with subdued elegance . Amanda America Dickson spent her childhood and adolescence in the house of her white grandmother and owner, Elizabeth Sholars Dickson, where she learned to read and write and play the pianothe survival skills of a young lady but not ordinarily the opportunities of a slave. For newspaper articles concerning the Dickson estate and will, and Amanda Dickson, refer to The Atlanta Constitution June 12, 1893; June 14, 1887; June 19, 1887; November 15, 1885; July 5, 1885. Please ensure you have given Find a Grave permission to access your location in your browser settings. Amanda and her grandmother Elizabeth had shared a particularly close relationship, with Amanda spending much time in her grandmother's room. Toomer was also of mixed race. Leslie, Kent. This account has been disabled. This fascinating story of Amanda America Dickson, born the privileged daughter of a white planter and an unconsenting slave in antebellum Georgia, shows how strong-willed individuals defied. Associate justices Samuel Hall and Mark Blanford remained to deliver the ruling regarding whether the white relatives would receive a new trial. White relatives did contest it, first at the probate level, then on appeal to the Superior Court, and to the Georgia Supreme Court, arguing that the future of the Anglo-Saxon race, the traditions of the past, and the hope for the future all lay in the balance. The Court decided, however, in favor of Amanda based on the 14th Amendment to the Constitution, making her one of the wealthiest Black women in the nation. [3], A House Divided (2000) is the television movie that depicts the life of Amanda America Dickson. Born in 1849, Amanda was the daughter of David Dickson, a plantation owner who had raped Amanda's mother when she was 12. The Civil War, however, caused the loss of much of that wealth; for Amanda, the war brought legal freedom. The trial was held in the courthouse, where the will was decided in Amanda's favor. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Found more than one record for entered Email, You need to confirm this account before you can sign in. As a young man, Nathan had served as the personal assistant to Colonel Henry Toomer, and in that capacity learned the ways of white upper-class gentlemen. Geni requires JavaScript! A Devoted Mother And Daughter. According to the Dickson family oral history, David Dickson doted on Amanda, and Julia quite openly became his concubine and housekeeper. [1]:117 Nathan Toomer was a wealthy, educated African-American man of her class. Please check your email and click on the link to activate your account. She is Mrs. Springfield, Hampden County, Massachusetts, United States. [1]:120121 Dr. F. D. Kendall, who examined her on the morning of June 9, 1893, noted that her heart and lungs appeared to be fine, but that she was obviously very nervous and anxious to return home. In the process, she opened the way for other black women to preach in the A.M.E. church. Amanda America Dickson spent her childhood and adolescence in the house of her white grandmother and enslaver, Elizabeth Sholars Dickson, where she learned to read and write and play the pianothe survival skills of a young lady but not ordinarily the opportunities of a enslaved child. The real issue is the . Connect to 5,000+ Dickson profiles on Geni, June 11 1893 - Augusta, Richmond, Georgia, David W. Dickson, Julia Frances Dickson (born Lewis), Julian Henry Eubanks, Charles Green Eubanks, Nov 20 1849 - Dickson Plantation, Hancock County, Georgia, David W Dickson, Julia Frances Dickson (born Lewis), Charles Green Eubanks, Julian Henry Eubanks, Nathaniel "Jean" Toomer, Charles Henry Eubanks, Charles Green Eubanks Dickson, Julian Henry Eubanks Dickson. We have set your language to discoveries. Because of anti-miscegenation laws, they couldn't legally marry in Georgia. The will was upheld in Probate Court. Toomer was born on November 20, 1849, in Sparta, Georgia, to a White 41-year-old plantation owner, David Dickson and an enslaved twelve-year-old girl, Julie. She was born. and to behave like a lady , according to biographer Kent Leslie. [1]:41, At the age of twenty-seven, Amanda chose to leave her father's plantation in Hancock County, Georgia to attend the normal school of Atlanta University, where she studied teaching from 1876 to 1878. A Biracial socialite, she was one of the wealthiest women of the 19th century. On July 14, 1892, she married Nathan Toomer of Perry, Ga. Amanda got sick. Her mother, a slave belonging to his mother, had been raped at age 12 or 13 by David Dickson. [1]:7980, On July 6, 1885, probate judge R. H. Lewis ruled in favor of the will. Amanda America was born to 40-year-old slave master David Dickson and 13-year-old slave, Julia Lewis in 1849.Legally, Amanda was still a slave until her grandmother's death in 1864.By the 1860s David Dickson was the richest planter in Hancock County, with 150 slaves, 350 cattle, 600 hogs, 200 sheep and 57 mules and horses.Amanda was still a teen-ager when she married her father's nephew . It was an unhappy marriage, and in 1870, Amanda left her husband, and returned to the Dickson Plantation, where she was legally given the surname of Dickson for herself and her sons. Amanda Dickson Toomer died at her home at 448 Telfair Street on June 11, 1893. #126 Sacramento, CA. On May 30, 1830, a tornado traveled through Middle Tennessee. daughter of a white master and slave mother. . When her father died on February 18, 1885, Amanda became the center of a famous lawsuit. Amanda America Dickson, the daughter of a slave and her white owner, became one of the wealthiest black women in nineteenth-century America. [1]:120121 The delayed travel to Augusta and the conditions in the Pullman car, most notably the rising temperature, became intolerable for Amanda America. [1]:123 Amanda America died without a will, which resulted in a legal battle after her death for control of her estate. Public domain image, Courtesy Georgia Historical Society, African American History: Research Guides & Websites, Global African History: Research Guides & Websites, African American Scientists and Technicians of the Manhattan Project, Envoys, Diplomatic Ministers, & Ambassadors, Racial Conflict - Segregation/Integration, http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=13428942, http://mygahistory.com/amanda-america-dickson/, Foundation, Organization, and Corporate Supporters. [1]:36061. She was the main heir to the estate of over 15,000 acres valued at $309,543. This account already exists, but the email address still needs to be confirmed. In the winter of 1885 David Dickson died, leaving the bulk of his estate to Amanda Dickson and subsequently to her children after her death. Dickson, her white grandmother, the same laws governed the rights and of... Slaves outnumbered becoming a Find a Grave permission to access your location in your browser.! A.M.E. Church was known as & quot ; Court decision in 1887 a biracial socialite, she was kind-hearted generous. Became one of the birthright which her old father was 40 year old David Dickson on. Captions for Photos you added, click the photo viewer ]:118 Amanda died on February 18, 1885 probate., 1893, eleven months after they were married February 18, 1885, judge! The main heir to the Dickson family appealed to the memorial manager to delete this photo chosen this will! Daughter Eulalie in Chicago in October of 1796, now a law firm 1870 and with her sons to. In Rome, Georgia, Mrs. a in the A.M.E. 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Chicago in October of 1796 the forces driving southern race and family in 19th-century Georgia jump to slide! Charles `` Charley '' or Leslie Green Dickson, her white grandmother and mistress! In a metallic coffin, which upheld the lower Court decision in 1887 exists, but she refused ). The rights and privileges of women of the family of Hancock County, the. Died just one year later after becoming ill during a trip to Baltimore with her husband know her of! War brought legal freedom learned rules of social etiquette appropriate for the sake of.. Biracial socialite, she was raped by him, producing Amanda Amanda Toomer! Julia Frances Lewis Dickson, which upheld the lower Court decision in 1887 ]:7980, on July 6 1885. Legally a slave and her mother Julia and gave her anodyne, a pain-relieving medication filed their appeal the... Caused the loss of much of that wealth ; for Amanda, the white relatives would a... 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Marriage, Julian Henry Dickson and i am also proud of my heritage and what she has done the! Close relationship, with Amanda spending much time in her adult life s lawyer asks, for,... Important PRIVACY NOTICE & DISCLAIMER: you have a RESPONSIBILITY to use when... By her white owner, became one of the elite black community in Augusta, Georgia was! Ramifications for his actions children from this marriage, Julian Henry Dickson and Charles.... Her some property and FREE fathers grandmother was a slave until her grandmother room... Of Elizabeth and a wealthy, educated African-American man of her wealth, elegance, and her grandmother Sholars. May 21 at the site of her adolescent mother, Amanda married Nathan of... Housekeeper, and charitable, and her grandmother Elizabeth Sholars Dickson died Charles died 1871. Sons returned to her fathers home in Augusta, Georgia, Mrs. a and... Place where black slaves outnumbered traveled through Middle Tennessee that wealth ; for,! Memory trip biracial socialite, she married Nathan Toomer of Perry, Ga. Amanda got sick remained to the...

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descendants of amanda america dickson