Even the poorest can be made to see this, and to agree that great sums gathered by some of their fellow citizens and spent for public purposes, from which the masses reap the principal benefit, are more valuable to them than if scattered among them through the course of many years in trifling amounts. By the time the riots subsided, some 55 people were dead, more than 2,300 injured, and more than 1,000 buildings had been burned. B. A former educational consultant and a founder of the National Womens Caucus, Chisholm became the first Black woman in Congress in 1968, when she was elected to the House from her Brooklyn district. . You can ask a new question or browse more History questions. What happened after the 15th amendment was passed? Which economic practice helps motivate companies to keep prices low and improve product quality? On the night of October 16, 1859, he led a small band of less than 50 men in a raid against the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia. About four-in-ten (39%) who gave follow-up answers on why this was the case cite domestic concerns, topped by immigration and border issues, health care, racism and race-related issues, or guns and gun violence issues. B) After the end of slavery, African Americans could move and find new work. READ MORE:Follow the Freedom Riders' Journey Against Segregation. Members of the St. Louis Cardinals even threatened to strike if Robinson played; baseball commissioner Ford Frick settled the question by threatening to suspend any player who went on strike. What general principle was established with the Plessy v. Ferguson Supreme Court decision? Fill in the blank spot in the following sentence. By 1877, when the last federal soldiers left the South and Reconstruction drew to a close, Black Americans had seen dishearteningly little improvement in their economic and social status, and what political gains they had made had been wiped away by the vigorous efforts of white supremacist forces throughout the region. Miners sweated in dusty mine shafts digging coal to fuel railroad engines. In what way did the nation's growing transportation system help promote economic growth? -Andrew Carnegie, 1889 According to the Court, Congress had no constitutional power to deprive persons of their property rights when dealing with enslaved people in the territories. Their aim was to capture enough ammunition to lead a large operation against Virginias slaveholders. In 2001, George W. Bush appointed Powell as secretary of state, making him the first African American to serve as Americas top diplomat. A.Antietam C.in the border states of maryland missouri Kentucky and West Virginia Most owned property. In the summer of 1964, civil rights organizations including the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) urged white students from the North to travel to Mississippi, where they helped register Black voters and build schools for Black children. Other African American leaders, notably W.E.B. His invention of air brakes made railroad travel safer and faster. Steel industry One of the most prominent abolitionists, Frederick Douglass, was cautiously optimistic, however, wisely predicting that"This very attempt to blot out forever the hopes of an enslaved people may be one necessary link in the chain of events preparatory to the complete overthrow of the whole slave system.. In early 1831, Turner took a solar eclipse as a sign that the time for revolution was near, and on the night of August 21, he and a small band of followers killed his owners, the Travis family, and set off toward the town of Jerusalem, where they planned to capture an armory and gather more recruits. Du Bois of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), criticized Garvey and his Back to Africa movement; he was openly contemptuous of them in return. He delivered a rousing keynote speech at that years Democratic National Convention, attracting national attention with his eloquent call for national unity and cooperation across party lines. On February 1, 1960, four Black students from the Agricultural and Technical College in Greensboro, North Carolina, sat down at the lunch counter in a local branch of Woolworths and ordered coffee. The years immediately following the construction of the transcontinental railroad were years of astounding growth for the United States. Their commander, Captain Benjamin O. Davis Jr., later became one of the first African American generals (his fatherGeneral Benjamin O. Davis Sr.was the first). Why would it be important for railroads to use strong management techniques? working to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment. Turner escaped and spent six weeks on the run before he was captured, tried and hanged. According to the schools \underline{\text{}}monthly newsletter, an open meeting of the debate club is held \underline{\text{}}monthly. We believe that the power of governmentin other words, of the peopleshould be expanded . (Credit: Francis Miller/The LIFE Picture Collection/Getty Images), Francis Miller / The LIFE Picture Collection / Getty Images. After the bill passed the Senate by an exceedingly narrow margin in early April, it was thought that the increasingly conservative House of Representatives, wary of the growing strength and militancy of the Black Power movement, would weaken it considerably. The laws required that, A. Harris, whose mother immigrated to the United States from India and whose father immigrated from Jamaica, was the first person of African or Asian descent to become a major partys vice presidential candidateand the first to win the office. In Mississippi alone, the percentage of eligible Black voters registered to vote increased from 5 percent in 1960 to nearly 60 percent in 1968. They were established as a step toward legal freedoms for African Americans. The Emancipation Proclamation prohibited slavery and recognized that African Americans should enjoy constitutional freedom like other Americans. They chose exile and abandoned the state for nine years, making periodic trips back to visit family while trying to avoid being detected. Bush. Though leaders such as George Washington and Thomas Jeffersonboth slaveholders from Virginiatook cautious steps towards limiting slavery in the newly independent nation, the Constitution tacitly acknowledged the institution, guaranteeing the right to repossess any person held to service or labor (an obvious euphemism for slavery). C? Which practice does Roosevelt advocate in the excerpt? Caught on videotape by an onlooker and broadcast around the world, the beating inspired widespread outrage in the citys African American community, who had long condemned the racial profiling and abuse its members suffered at the hands of the police force. The railroad companies themselves employed thousands of workers. The King case was eventually tried in the suburb of Simi Valley, and in April 1992 a jury found the officers not guilty. regulating railroad rates to help farmers. By the summer of 1862, however, Lincoln had come to believe he could not avoid the slavery question much longer. In Regarding the Pain of Others, Susan Sontag says of war, We do not and cannot imagine what it was like, how dreadful or terrifying it was, how normal it becomes. How might Sadiq be regarded as a response to Sontags statement? On May 18, 1896, the U.S. Supreme Court issued its verdict in Plessy v. Ferguson, a case that represented the first major test of the meaning of the 14th Amendments provision of full and equal citizenship to African Americans. Most took up arms hoping to be read more, Long before Christopher Columbus stepped foot on what would come to be known as the Americas, the expansive territory was inhabited by Native Americans. Lasting roughly from the 1910s through the mid-1930s, the period is read more, The New York City neighborhood of Harlem was the center of a cultural explosionfrom late 1910s through the mid-1930s. D.the give me liberty or death speech As racial prejudice was so ingrained in white civilization, Garvey claimed, it was futile for Black people to appeal to white peoples sense of justice and democratic principles. More than 3 million Black Americans would register for service during the war, with some 500,000 seeing action overseas. Parks refused and was arrested for violating the citys racial segregation ordinances, which mandated that Black passengers sit in the back of public buses and give up their seats for white riders if the front seats were full. On Jan 1 1863 President Abe Lincoln signed the I meant B for #1. Garveys boast of 6 million followers in 1923 was probably exaggerated, but even his critics admitted that the UNIA had some 500,000 members. Richard spent the night in prison, and his sister had to pay a $1,000 bond for his release. Although railroads caused certain problems, they also made possible the rapid growth of industry after 1865. For millions of viewers throughout the country, the unforgettable images provided a vivid contrast between the angry forces of white supremacy and the quiet, dignified resistance of African American students. READ MORE: How the 1876 Election Effectively Ended Reconstruction. But they have lagged in the Senate and in governorships. Authorities later estimated the total damage at around $1 billion. A. D. The laws required that. Lumberjacks cut down whole forests to supply wood for railroad ties. a)It reveals the way the Emancipation Proclamation improved Americans' lives for years, just like the way sun casts light on the dark, A) During the Civil War, many African Americans went west to work on railroads. It allowed any man to vote if he had an ancestor who could vote in 1867. The expansion of major rail lines linking the West and the East enabled people and supplies to move cheaply. A? In the late 1960s and early 1970s, this frustration fueled the rise of the Black Power movement. It mandated the desegregation of most public accommodations, including lunch counters, bus depots, parks and swimming pools, and established the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) to ensure equal treatment of minorities in the workplace. After the end of slavery, African Americans could move and find new work. What caused many boomtowns to turn into ghost towns? Some reservations were divided up and given to individual American Indian families. C) In the, A. In September 1962, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Merediths favor, but state officials including Governor Ross Barnett vowed to block his admission. US Representative Shirley Chisholm of Brooklyn announces her entry for Democratic nomination for the presidency, at the Concord Baptist Church in Brooklyn, New York on January 25, 1972. Aside from celebrated accomplishments like these, overall gains were slow, and maintaining high morale among black forces was difficult due to the continued discrimination they faced. Throughout his long career, Jackson has inspired both admiration and criticism for his tireless efforts on behalf of the Black community and his outspoken public persona. Du Bois, for one, railed against Van Vechtens novel and criticized works by Black writers, such as McKays novel Home to Harlem, that he saw as reinforcing negative stereotypes of Black people. Some 186,000 Black soldiers would join the Union Army by the time the war ended in 1865, and 38,000 lost their lives. . After an appeal by the local congressman and mayor of Little Rock to stop the violence, President Dwight D. Eisenhower federalized the states National Guard and sent 1,000 members of the U.S. Armys 101st Airborne Division to enforce the integration of Central High School. Giving American Indians land that would be useful for farming. Dozens of other players in the NFL and beyond followed suit. Many labored under unsafe conditions. Why might recent events have led to many African Americans working for ranchers? Many were recent immigrants. D.13th Amendment As Reconstruction drew to a close and the forces of white supremacy regained control from carpetbaggers (northerners who moved South) and freed Black people, Southern state legislatures began enacting the first segregation laws, known as the Jim Crow laws. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like The years immediately following the construction of the transcontinental railroad were years of astounding growth for the United States. Despite Martin Luther King Jr.s inspiring words at the Lincoln Memorial during the historic March on Washington in August 1963, violence against Black people in the segregated South continued to indicate the strength of white resistance to the ideals of justice and racial harmony King espoused. Tills mother held an open-casket funeral for her son in Chicago, hoping to bring public attention to the brutal murder. Adding that detail would reveal something about her. Antislavery northernersmany of them free Black peoplehad begun helping enslaved people escape from southern plantations to the North via a loose network of safe houses as early as the 1780s called the Underground Railroad. About 90 participants in the Montgomery Bus Boycott, including King, were indicted under a law forbidding conspiracy to obstruct the operation of a business. They kept the cattle moving and rounded up strays. In the passage Gompers explains the need for. Throughout the 16th and 17th centuries, as more explorers sought to colonize their land, Native Americans responded in various read more. By 1940, peanuts had become the second cash crop in the South. Frustrated Black servicemen were forced to combat racism even as they sought to further U.S. war aims; this became known as the Double V strategy, for the two victories they sought to win. The other was to take the whole art of photography and starting with perfecting dry plates, set out to make the camera as easy a recorder as the pencil. I am tired of fighting . In the 1920s, the great migration of Black Americans from the rural South to the urban North sparked an African American cultural renaissance that took its name from the New York City neighborhood of Harlem but became a widespread movement in cities throughout the North and West. Less than a week after the Selma-to-Montgomery marchers were beaten and bloodied by Alabama state troopers in March 1965, President Lyndon Johnson addressed a joint session of Congress, calling for federal legislation to ensure protection of the voting rights of African Americans. In early 1965, Martin Luther King Jr.s Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) made Selma, Alabama, the focus of its efforts to register Black voters in the South. Many Black people looked to Booker T. Washington, the author of the bestselling Up From Slavery (1900), as an inspiration. B)opened weapons factories. A native of Connecticut, John Brown struggled to support his large family and moved restlessly from state to state throughout his life, becoming a passionate opponent of slavery along the way. To supply wood for railroad ties the NFL and beyond followed suit 500,000... 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